http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/keyword/memory Inquiries Journal provides undergraduate and graduate students around the world a platform for the wide dissemination of academic work over a range of core disciplines. en-us Sun, 05 Jul 2026 14:26:15 -0400 Sun, 05 Jul 2026 14:26:15 -0400 http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/1930/mobutu-and-the-collective-congolese-memory-reconstructing-the-past-as-a-survival-tool By John M. Mulunda - Despite the focus of scholars on the repressive elements of Mobutu’s Reign, “The rumble in the Jungle,” abacost jackets and the return to “authenticité” instead form the core of the 32-year reign of dictator Mobutu Sese Seko in the collective Congolese memory. In the nearly 24 years since his removal from office, Mobutu’s memory has been collectively reconstructed by the Congolese people, complicating our scholarly understanding of Mobutu’s reign and its place in contemporary imagination. The once despised dictator is now often admired as a symbol... Thu, 06 Jan 2022 12:41 EST http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/1930/mobutu-and-the-collective-congolese-memory-reconstructing-the-past-as-a-survival-tool http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/1908/the-price-of-predatory-marketing-on-older-adults-a-perspective-on-prevagen-potency By Stephanie M. Jones - The calcium-binding protein apoaequorin has been studied for its possible indication to improve human cognition and memory. Faculty at Quincy Bioscience developed Prevagen with this in mind, claiming its apoaequorin-formulated supplement may decrease age-related memory loss. A summary of the pathway orally administrated apoaequorin would take in order to penetrate the central nervous system (CNS), with particular focus on digestive elements and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability is presented. A discussion of the ethicality of the research and marketing practices of Quincy Bioscience in the... Mon, 20 Sep 2021 11:02 EDT http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/1908/the-price-of-predatory-marketing-on-older-adults-a-perspective-on-prevagen-potency http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/1874/cross-cultural-differences-in-memory-beliefs-and-mental-schemas By Zachary Hendricks - Although it is self-evident that one’s memories are often fleeting, a large amount of empirical research has been done within the field of cognitive psychology supporting the notion that one of the mind’s most extensive faults is its faculty for memory. Our memory system is, in a sense, defined through its shortcomings. It cannot store an unlimited amount of information, and because of this limitation, evolved to remember only what it deems relevant to the moment. Two questions necessarily follow this fact: what exactly makes something worth remembering, and how much of that thing... Wed, 10 Feb 2021 02:55 EST http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/1874/cross-cultural-differences-in-memory-beliefs-and-mental-schemas http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/1819/stage-as-moment-cinema-as-memory-the-diverging-aesthetics-of-two-mediums By Abigail Tulenko - This paper argues that film is a medium defined by its relationship to memory. Building upon aesthetician György Lukács's temporal theory of cinema, I contrast film's inherent relationship to memory with the “eternal present” of the stage. Audiences viewing a film have a continual awareness that what they watch on screen was filmed in the past and edited together retrospectively. Cinema replicates the selective encoding process of our memories on-screen when a director and editor piece together the shots and scenes that compose a completed film. Often there is a large amount... Tue, 20 Oct 2020 12:26 EDT http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/1819/stage-as-moment-cinema-as-memory-the-diverging-aesthetics-of-two-mediums http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/1760/discourse-public-space-and-the-politics-of-korean-comfort-women-implications-for-east-asian-relations By Ann W. Kim - The issue of “comfort women,” sex slaves utilized by the Japanese army during World War II, is treated in this paper as a collective memory in the consciousness of South Koreans. Differing narratives of this historical event, and the emphasis placed on it, serves as the underlying basis for increased present tensions between the governments of South Korea and Japan. To understand the complexity of these painful experiences as a collective memory requires a discussion on the impact of colonization as well as contemporary problems regarding a whitewashing of history and the utilization... Wed, 20 Feb 2019 08:23 EST http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/1760/discourse-public-space-and-the-politics-of-korean-comfort-women-implications-for-east-asian-relations http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/1546/bilingual-episodic-memory-and-eye-witness-testimony By Ketaki A. Tongaonkar - The human memory system comprises multiple components. The focus of this paper is on the encoding and decoding process of episodic memories. Events that catch the attention of individuals either consciously or sub-consciously are stored in a particular sequence, which constitute episodic memories. The storage of these memories is dependent on a variety of factors such as attention paid to the event, ambient surroundings, and the significance of the event for the individual. Language plays a crucial role in the encoding/decoding process of episodic memories. Multiple research studies have... Tue, 28 Feb 2017 11:45 EST http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/1546/bilingual-episodic-memory-and-eye-witness-testimony http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/1378/memories-and-fear-treatment-techniques-to-dissociate-traumatic-memories By Amy Roesler - Fear finds its place in the world through numerous forms, including natural disasters, genocide, war, trauma and countless other events which present lasting effects in the lives of those who maintain recollection. The research concerning the alteration of memories is a recent area of study, and while it could prove beneficial in regards to trauma and crippling fear, it also poses an ethical dilemma regarding a person’s identity. Memories associated with fear are seemingly permanently recorded by the brain and are unsusceptible to change. Yet as Michael Specter explained in a 2014 piece... Thu, 17 Mar 2016 01:15 EDT http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/1378/memories-and-fear-treatment-techniques-to-dissociate-traumatic-memories http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/897/the-influence-of-gender-on-long-term-incidental-memory By Anna K. Jarschke And Christina M. Frederick - A baby is born, and almost instantaneously, assigned to a life of stereotypical gender identity. The female is described as a “precious baby girl” and is given a little pink hat and wrapped in a pink blanket. The male is a “strong and healthy boy” and adorned in blue. Many children will spend their lives exposed to basic gender stereotypes. The girl “should” play with dolls and play pretend house. The boy “should” like sports, play with fire trucks and weapons. By the time the child has grown up and gone through schooling, gender typical stereotypes... Thu, 22 May 2014 10:10 EDT http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/897/the-influence-of-gender-on-long-term-incidental-memory http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/586/addiction-to-altering-states-observable-tendencies-attributed-to-learning-and-neurology By Philip J. Spelman - Many of the older psychological theories are based on observational data and, although the more recent ones speculate on neurological processes, they are only valid insofar as they may predict behavior. Some recent developments in neuropsychology provide evidence of physiological-type mechanisms, which illustrate and supplement explanations of observed behavior. A comprehensive approach to addiction, and drug use in general, should include the integration of learning theories and recent neurological discoveries and research. The following essay is a preliminary attempt to lay out some of the elements... Thu, 20 Oct 2011 11:58 EDT http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/586/addiction-to-altering-states-observable-tendencies-attributed-to-learning-and-neurology http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/1679/effects-of-collectivistic-and-individualistic-cultures-on-imagination-inflation-in-eastern-and-western-cultures By Iulia O. Basu-Zharku - Previous research suggests that culture influences our autobiographical memories. This study sought to determine if the collectivism/individualism dimension of culture influences the process of imagination inflation. Forty college students were given an Life Events Inventory (LEI) with individualistic and collectivistic events, and had to rate their confidence that each event happened or not in their childhood. Afterwards, they were asked to imagine a set of predetermined individualistic and collectivistic events and a week later they rated their confidence on a new LEI. Participants showed imagination... Thu, 10 Feb 2011 09:30 EST http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/1679/effects-of-collectivistic-and-individualistic-cultures-on-imagination-inflation-in-eastern-and-western-cultures http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/374/the-1905-russian-revolution-through-the-eyes-of-vladimir-nabokov-in-speak-memory By Iulia O. Basu-Zharku - Many of the causes that determined the 1905 Russian Revolution are presented in Nabokov’s novel. One of these is industrialization, which occurred at a rapid pace: “In the early years of this century, a travel agency on Nevski Avenue displayed a three-foot-long model of an oak-brown international sleeping car.... One could make out the blue upholstery inside, the embossed leather lining of the compartment walls, their polished panels, inset mirrors, tulip-shaped reading lamps, and other maddening details. Spacious windows alternated with narrower ones... and some of these were of frosted... Wed, 26 Jan 2011 10:01 EST http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/374/the-1905-russian-revolution-through-the-eyes-of-vladimir-nabokov-in-speak-memory http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/300/memory-replacement-confabulation-and-repression-remembering-creatively By Michael C. Wiseman - The specific purpose of this paper is to discuss some of the factors that would permit an individual to dissociate himself from his true identity, including at a minimum threshold the change in knowledge of some personal events. It is not required that a person believe he is superman to have dissociated from his true identity; all that is required to fit the definition is for the person to blot out a memory of a single event and replace it with another. If someone goes to the store and buys apples yet distinctly remembers buying pears, this would be a perfect example of the phenomenon. With this... Thu, 14 Oct 2010 10:49 EDT http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/300/memory-replacement-confabulation-and-repression-remembering-creatively http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/1683/the-lockean-memory-theory-of-personal-identity-definition-objection-response By Ryan A. Piccirillo - In the history of discourse on the subject of the self and personal identity, conflicting viewpoints have arisen. Some suggest that the self is simply the mind which thinks; others posit that the self is identifiable with one’s body; still others claim that to even conjure an idea of the self is an impossibility. In his Essay, Locke suggests that the self is “a thinking intelligent being, that has reason and reflection, and can consider itself as itself, the same thinking thing, in different times and places” and continues to define personal identity simply as “the sameness... Mon, 09 Aug 2010 07:05 EDT http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/1683/the-lockean-memory-theory-of-personal-identity-definition-objection-response http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/226/levels-of-processing-the-effects-of-orthographic-phonologic-and-semantic-processing-on-memory By Emily A. Barton - The processes by which the human brain creates, stores, and uses memories are very complex and have been the topics of many research experiments in psychology. In 1972, Craik and Lockhart published a paper on levels of processing that suggested, “memory traces can be seen as records of analyses carried out for the purposes of perception and comprehension, and that deeper, more semantic, processing results in more durable traces” (Nyberg, 2002, p. 345). In the levels of processing model, there are three levels. The most shallow of these levels is the orthographic level, which is achieved... Thu, 08 Apr 2010 08:55 EDT http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/226/levels-of-processing-the-effects-of-orthographic-phonologic-and-semantic-processing-on-memory http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/211/embodied-memory-and-trauma-recovering-from-rape-in-jasmila-zbanics-grbavica By Michael A. Gold - On its simplest level, Jasmila Zbanic’s 2006 film Grbavica examines how the Yugoslav wars of the 1990s still shape life in post-conflict Sarajevo. The film’s protagonist, Esma, is struggling to cope with the aftermath of being a victim in the systematic rapes committed by soldiers during the Yugoslav wars. Over ten years after her rape and subsequent pregnancy, Esma is now the single mother of an adolescent daughter who begins to question her identity. As Esma tries to protect her daughter from the fact of her birth, she also struggles to recover from her personal trauma and shake... Tue, 23 Mar 2010 09:20 EDT http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/211/embodied-memory-and-trauma-recovering-from-rape-in-jasmila-zbanics-grbavica http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/117/memorializing-sacco-and-vanzetti-in-boston By Adrienne M. Naylor - ‘WHO WERE THOSE PEOPLE?’ historian Howard Zinn asked a member of the Sacco and Vanzetti Commemoration Society in November 2008. Zinn had just delivered a lecture for the benefit of the Society on ‘The Meaning of Sacco and Vanzetti’ to a crowd of at least 250 people overflowing the Dante Alighieri Italian Cultural Center in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and was taken aback that interest in the case was still alive. ‘I didn’t know what to expect. I thought, how many people are still interested in Sacco and Vanzetti? Maybe seven? Ten? Fifteen? I can’t even&mdash... Mon, 11 Jan 2010 09:47 EST http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/117/memorializing-sacco-and-vanzetti-in-boston http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/87/enhancing-the-recall-of-presented-material-for-undergraduate-students By Kristin M. McDowell - The hypotheses regarding the handouts themselves were questioning the effectiveness of having a handout that contained lines on the paper to write on versus handouts that have blank space for students to write on.  Short-term recall seems to be increased when material on handouts has more room for notes but also includes skeletal information on the lesson being taught (Larson, 2009).  If half the information of the lecture is given on the handout and the student takes notes during the lecture, information is committed more to memory than if the student took no notes or if the student... Sun, 13 Dec 2009 09:36 EST http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/87/enhancing-the-recall-of-presented-material-for-undergraduate-students