http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/keyword/ethnic-conflic Inquiries Journal provides undergraduate and graduate students around the world a platform for the wide dissemination of academic work over a range of core disciplines. en-us Tue, 07 Apr 2026 05:14:47 -0400 Tue, 07 Apr 2026 05:14:47 -0400 http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/1824/how-populist-conservatism-influences-the-rhetoric-of-ethnic-entrepreneurs By Aishwari Krishna - This research paper investigates the impact that the rhetoric of a populist conservative ethnic entrepreneur can have on ethnic conflict by analyzing the tweets of Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi. Over the years, the emergence of right-wing leaders in power has led to the increasing importance of the study of their impacts on society. Ethnic conflict between Indian Hindus and Muslims has recently been exacerbated, so India under Modi’s tenure was an ideal nation to study. The original content analysis compares tweets from two time periods, those during a period of crisis and those from... Wed, 21 Oct 2020 07:51 EDT http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/1824/how-populist-conservatism-influences-the-rhetoric-of-ethnic-entrepreneurs http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/1755/the-search-for-nationhood-in-older-scots-literature-a-study-of-the-flyting-of-dunbar-and-kennedy-and-the-tale-of-ralph-the-collier By Glenn A. Mills - The corpus of Older Scots literature is hyper-attentive to the themes and issues surrounding nationhood and sovereignty. Authors of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries often espoused and exploited the national pride of the Scottish people, producing works which articulated an incipient sense of Scottish nationalism. Indeed, starting from the second half of the fifteenth century, Scotland began to enjoy a period of ‘national and cultural confidence.’[1] Despite a tumultuous period of Stewart minorities, James IV’s right to rule was gradually recognised by competing Scottish... Fri, 01 Feb 2019 09:03 EST http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/1755/the-search-for-nationhood-in-older-scots-literature-a-study-of-the-flyting-of-dunbar-and-kennedy-and-the-tale-of-ralph-the-collier http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/1692/the-effects-of-institutional-and-political-instability-on-civil-war-in-south-sudan By Michael DeFeo - Political and military instability plague South Sudan, but economic depression and mass starvation have resulted from the civil war as well. Cutting off oil production sent the economy into a recession it has not recovered from. International sanctions designed to force the government to provide aid to its people, combined with political upheaval have decimated the South Sudanese economy. Corruption amongst political and military elites has diverted foreign aid to just a few kleptocrats rather than the starving population. Even in relatively stable regions, food insecurity is rampant. Controversy... Thu, 02 Nov 2017 10:30 EDT http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/1692/the-effects-of-institutional-and-political-instability-on-civil-war-in-south-sudan http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/1650/alienating-ethnic-kin-assessing-immigration-integration-policies-for-the-brazilian-nikkeijin-in-japan-and-joseonjok-marriage-migrants-in-south-korea By Kenneth Lee - In recent decades, Japan and South Korea have become hosts to ethnic return migrants who have returned to their ancestral homeland after once emigrating overseas. Since the 1980s, the Brazilian nikkeijin, or members of the Japanese diaspora, have returned to Japan as labor migrants. From 1992, joseonjok, or ethnic Korean Chinese, migrant women traveled to South Korea to marry Korean men. Japan and South Korea have targeted these groups for their ethnic affinities – the attraction and kinship between the homeland population and returning migrants – on the presumption that they would... Mon, 22 May 2017 12:00 EDT http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/1650/alienating-ethnic-kin-assessing-immigration-integration-policies-for-the-brazilian-nikkeijin-in-japan-and-joseonjok-marriage-migrants-in-south-korea http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/1566/new-methods-of-democratic-consolidation-the-application-of-citizenship-laws-in-ethnically-fractured-states By Adam Goldstein - The consensus in scholarly circles regarding democratic consolidation stipulates the importance of a cohesive demos, or population, that is also congruent with a representative polity, or political class. One of the main inhibitors of this goal is ethnic conflict, which can easily derail democratic transitions and consolidations. I begin this article with a discussion of the flaws of the two established notions of conflict alleviation in ethnically fragmented states: consociationalism and federalism, especially in regards to how they define groups and segment political power. I then identify the... Sat, 31 Dec 2016 12:00 EST http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/1566/new-methods-of-democratic-consolidation-the-application-of-citizenship-laws-in-ethnically-fractured-states http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/1498/the-use-of-violence-on-the-american-frontiers-examining-us-native-american-relations-in-the-18th-and-19th-centuries By Kaden Prowse - Following the end of the American Revolutionary War of 1776 to 1783, the U.S. government adopted an aggressive and expansionistic policy towards Native Americans on its frontiers. From the closing years of the 18th century to the end of the 19th century, the U.S. continually relied on these policies to open up the western frontiers for settlement and colonization by American settlers and immigrants from Europe. Native American tribes that opposed the U.S., or unintentionally got in its way, were swiftly dealt with by the U.S. and forced onto reservations where they could be controlled. The history... Mon, 21 Nov 2016 08:23 EST http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/1498/the-use-of-violence-on-the-american-frontiers-examining-us-native-american-relations-in-the-18th-and-19th-centuries http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/1390/comparing-the-roots-of-conflict-in-europe-the-middle-east-and-africa By Jacob C. Potts - In public discourse, Africa and the Middle East have become synonymous with ethnic and religious conflict, whereas Europe is known as a bastion of peace and stability. But are areas known for their ‘high conflict’ truly more susceptible to regional conflict compared to the more 'peaceful' regions? Our findings indicate that the Middle East and North Africa are not as susceptible to the conflicts previously mentioned. We instead propose a more complex view of conflict, where ethnic and religious conflict occur in most regions and factors such as the Cold War in Europe and the existence... Fri, 15 Apr 2016 07:31 EDT http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/1390/comparing-the-roots-of-conflict-in-europe-the-middle-east-and-africa http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/1190/muslims-in-moscow By Caitlin Toto - Since then, an inherent intolerance for Muslims has been embedded within the foundation of the country’s national identity. The recent influx of Muslims, precipitated by stagnant development in the Caucuses and Central Asia, have highlighted and reinforced the ideal that Muslims pose as an inferior, yet dangerous “other” in Muscovite society. Paradoxically, Moscow’s economy has become increasingly dependent upon an “outsider” workforce that many of its citizens hold a prejudice against; thus, the Russian government must soon find a way to alleviate the bitter... Tue, 15 Apr 2014 12:00 EDT http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/1190/muslims-in-moscow http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/862/the-turkish-kurdish-conflict-in-theory-and-practice By Kendall M. Stempel - Like the theories that explain it, group conflict has existed since man became a social creature. Nevertheless, social scientists remain frustrated in their attempts to explain ethnic conflict in any generalizable pattern. Social political theories that detail the “why” of conflict often fail to illustrate “how” to resolve it. Regarding the Turkish-Kurdish conflict, a plethora of theories exist to try and explain it, including Social Identity Theory (and under it, Stereotyping and Prejudice Theory), Basic Human Needs Theory (and under it, Relative Deprivation Theory), Realistic... Fri, 07 Mar 2014 08:57 EST http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/862/the-turkish-kurdish-conflict-in-theory-and-practice http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/1603/trouble-in-paradise-fijis-proclivity-to-coups By Tanya Vitusagavulu - Widely known as a tropical tourist destination, the Fiji Islands have been gripped by political turmoil and have had four coups in a span of 20 years. Various factors such as tradition versus modernity, military-civilian relations, failure of constitutionality, nationalism and power struggle are identified in this paper as factors of Fiji's political instability. This paper examines how socio-economic and cultural differences between the country's two major races, Fijians and Indians, have been the underlying cause of Fiji's proclivity to coups from 1987-2006. Along with other factors, the socioeconomic... Fri, 31 May 2013 12:00 EDT http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/1603/trouble-in-paradise-fijis-proclivity-to-coups http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/722/causes-of-violent-conflict-in-the-caucasus-since-the-collapse-of-communism By Salvatore J. Freni - Nonetheless, the Abkhaz retained the highest proportion of positions in their local government over all other ethnicities in Abkhazia. Like Abkhazia, Adyghea was named after its local Adyghe or Circassian ethnic group, but does not make up a majority there and their ethnic-brethren are also found in Karachai-Cherkessia and Kabardino-Balkaria (Rezvani 2008). Neither Adyghea nor the other territories where Circassians are present erupted in conflict, despite significant mobilization based on Circassian identity. The lack of demands for separatism among the Circassians could have to do with the dispersed... Tue, 22 Jan 2013 10:10 EST http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/722/causes-of-violent-conflict-in-the-caucasus-since-the-collapse-of-communism http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/520/the-state-of-democracy-in-the-democratic-republic-of-congo By Marissa B. Goldfaden - The country presently known as the DRC initially achieved independence from its Belgian colonizer in 1960. Tensions were escalating between Prime Minister Lumumba and President Kasavubu; the latter dismissed the former from office in 1960. The following year, Prime Minister Lumumba was assassinated. Then, in 1965, President Kasavubu was overthrown in a U.S.-backed coup. The infamouse Joseph-Desire Mobutu came to power, a position he maintained until 1997. The First Congo War was fought from 1996-1997, followed by a Second Congo War that lasted from 1998-2003. The Ituri conflict[1] endured throughout... Thu, 28 Apr 2011 10:43 EDT http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/520/the-state-of-democracy-in-the-democratic-republic-of-congo http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/401/identity-in-conflict-race-and-violent-crime-in-south-africa-in-the-context-of-contemporary-insurgencies By Ethan D. Steyn - The issue of violence and ethnicity in criminal and war environments has many facets, and this article attempts to contextualize forms of violent crime in South Africa that involve identities within the theoretical discourse on contemporary warfare, with a specific focus on the functioning of white and black identities. Comparing crime with war is a familiar analogy in South Africa: from Koos Kombuis in the song “Reconciliation Day” (Bloedrivier, 2008) to J.M. Coetzee’s novel, Disgrace (1999), to Etienne van Heerden’s 30 Nagte in Amsterdam (2008), many artists have likened... Fri, 04 Mar 2011 08:42 EST http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/401/identity-in-conflict-race-and-violent-crime-in-south-africa-in-the-context-of-contemporary-insurgencies http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/396/disappearance-and-death-the-fate-of-chechen-human-rights-activists By Kylie Poulin - Article 3 of the Universal Declaration states, “everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person.” This right is constantly violated by those who end up dead as a result of speaking out against a corrupt and violent government. Article 5 guarantees that each person shall not “be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.” Article 9 provides for those illegally detained, stating, “no one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest, detention or exile” (United Nations). Nonetheless, human rights violations and murdering... Fri, 25 Feb 2011 09:08 EST http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/396/disappearance-and-death-the-fate-of-chechen-human-rights-activists http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/352/ending-ethnic-conflict-and-creating-positive-peace-in-rwanda-and-sierra-leone By Katherine J. Wolfenden - Although peace and pacifism are familiar ideas to most students today, for much of human history these concepts have been relegated to the religious domain and excluded from the study and practice of politics.[1] At the same time, war--organized violent conflict between different groups of people--has traditionally been considered a natural occurrence, based on popular assumptions about the inclinations and limitations of human nature.[2] Of course, many today still believe that peace is idealistic and war is inevitable, but other theories have emerged in modern times to explain the existence... Tue, 04 Jan 2011 09:13 EST http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/352/ending-ethnic-conflict-and-creating-positive-peace-in-rwanda-and-sierra-leone http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/256/the-horn-of-africa-critical-analysis-of-conflict-management-and-strategies-for-success-in-the-horns-future By Emily K. Elmore - Locations that are biased toward one party or the other will immediately put the visiting party in a defensive posture and can limit the efficacy of collaborative talks before they begin. Third parties may also perform an inquiry to establish the facts of the dispute and subsequently offer acceptable solutions. Regional third parties have acted in the Horn, but resulted in little success for reasons to be later examined. In this region, third parties must be carefully selected; mediators have been difficult to designate due to alliance swapping, perceptions of illegitimate representatives, and... Fri, 18 Jun 2010 08:24 EDT http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/256/the-horn-of-africa-critical-analysis-of-conflict-management-and-strategies-for-success-in-the-horns-future http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/233/the-design-of-absent-crisis-the-clinton-administration-on-the-1994-rwandan-genocide By Lauren Young - The year 1993 was not a good one for Bill Clinton. An exception, perhaps, being the morning of January 20th when he stood at the west front of the United States Capitol building and took the Oath of Office to become the forty- second President of the United States, the first Democrat in over a decade to do so. It would seem luck had utterly abandoned Clinton somewhere between his pledge to “preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the United States” and the removal of his left hand from the Bible. “So help me, God” Clinton said at his oath’s conclusion before... Tue, 20 Apr 2010 09:15 EDT http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/233/the-design-of-absent-crisis-the-clinton-administration-on-the-1994-rwandan-genocide